What is nocturnal enuresis? 
What does enuresis mean?
Enuresis is determined by the individual’s incapacity to control urination at an age at which this physiological necessity should be able to be controlled easily.
Nocturnal enuresis is specific to children, and it is involuntary urination, during sleep, at an age at which they should be able to anticipate this need.
Wetting the bed (bedwetting) is a common problem in pediatrics and many times parents worry way too early about this phenomenon, as they expect from their children not to urinate in their beds while sleeping from a very early age.
The most common cause of bedwetting at night is a late development, not an emotional problem or disease. Only a small percentage (5% -10%) of the cases of “peeing in bed” are caused by specific medical situations.
Bedwetting is often associated with a family history of this issue, inherited through genetics.
The normal process of staying “dry” at night.
Normally, there are two natural “abilities” that prevent bedwetting:
The first is the hormone that reduces urine production at night. At the end of each day, the body releases an anti-diuretic hormone (also known as Arginine Vasopressin or AVP). This sudden rise (and normal) of this hormone reduces the levels of urine production in the kidneys at night so that the bladder does not fill up until the morning.
This hormone does not exist in the body of the child at birth. Many children begin to produce this hormone between the ages of two years and six years old, and others between six years and ... end of puberty! And some people simply cannot produce this hormone at all.
A second way is the individual's ability to awaken when the bladder is full. This ability develops with the appearance of the Vasopresin hormone, but this is a completely separate skill from this hormone’s cycle.
Most children develop the ability to not urinate in their bed at night as they grow older. The evolution process starts with the typical age of one-two years old when the baby’s bladder begins to develop, to be more spacious, and at the same time to feel the sensation of its filling.
Some children lack these natural abilities, or they develop harder in them. Therefore they need to be helped, and advice from a specialist is welcome in this case. You must check what factors underlie at their inability to wake up on time at night to pee and what factors generate excess fluid in the bladder (evening fluid intake, refraining from going to the toilet, etc.)
